Error when executing “jetty:run” with jetty-maven-plugin version 9 : java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError Unsupported major.minor version 51.0

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Tools involved

  • JDK 1.6/1.7
  • Eclipse Kepler
  • Maven 3.1.1
  • m2e – Maven Integration for Eclipse plugin
  • Jetty 9
  • Windows 7 / 64 bit

Problem

When trying to execute execute the “jetty:run” maven goal from within Eclipse

Execute jetty:run from Eclipse

Execute jetty:run from Eclipse

I am getting the following error:

Error injecting: org.eclipse.jetty.maven.plugin.JettyRunMojo
java.lang.TypeNotPresentException: Type org.eclipse.jetty.maven.plugin.JettyRunMojo not present
	at org.eclipse.sisu.space.URLClassSpace.loadClass(URLClassSpace.java:115)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.space.NamedClass.load(NamedClass.java:46)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.space.AbstractDeferredClass.get(AbstractDeferredClass.java:48)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.provision(ProviderInternalFactory.java:86)
	at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.provision(InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:55)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory$1.call(ProviderInternalFactory.java:70)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision(ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:100)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.PlexusLifecycleManager.onProvision(PlexusLifecycleManager.java:133)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision(ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:109)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback.provision(ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:55)
	at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.circularGet(ProviderInternalFactory.java:68)
	at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.get(InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:47)
	at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$2$1.call(InjectorImpl.java:997)
	at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl.callInContext(InjectorImpl.java:1047)
	at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$2.get(InjectorImpl.java:993)
	at com.google.inject.Scopes$1$1.get(Scopes.java:59)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.LazyBeanEntry.getValue(LazyBeanEntry.java:82)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.LazyPlexusBean.getValue(LazyPlexusBean.java:51)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup(DefaultPlexusContainer.java:260)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup(DefaultPlexusContainer.java:252)
	at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getConfiguredMojo(DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:459)
	at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:97)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
	at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
	at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:317)
	at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:152)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:555)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:214)
	at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:158)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
	at org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:46)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/eclipse/jetty/maven/plugin/JettyRunMojo : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615)
	at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
	at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
	at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
	at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClassFromSelf(ClassRealm.java:389)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy.loadClass(SelfFirstStrategy.java:42)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.unsynchronizedLoadClass(ClassRealm.java:259)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:242)
	at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:227)
	at org.eclipse.sisu.space.URLClassSpace.loadClass(URLClassSpace.java:107)
	... 42 more

I have to mention I had just did an upgrade to JDK 1.7 (without removing the previous JDK 1.6). I thought I did everything right, so here are the steps I took after installing the JDK 1.7:

  1. set environemnt variables
    • add JAVA_HOME in environment variables and make it point to the new JDK  (e.g. C:\Java\jdk1.7.0_45)
    • add %JAVA_HOME%/bin to the PATH environment variable

  2. made sure Eclipse uses the right JDK: <div id="attachment_1065" style="width: 310px" class="wp-caption alignnone"> Choose the correct JRE

    Eclipse Menu -> Window -> Preferences -> Java – > Installed JREs 

    </div></li>

    • pointed to the correct JRE in eclipse.ini <pre class="lang:default mark:18,19 decode:true" title="eclipse.ini">-startup plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.3.0.v20130327-1440.jar –launcher.library plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.win32.win32.x86_64_1.1.200.v20130521-0416 -product org.eclipse.epp.package.standard.product –launcher.defaultAction openFile –launcher.XXMaxPermSize 256M -showsplash org.eclipse.platform –launcher.XXMaxPermSize 256m –launcher.defaultAction openFile –launcher.appendVmargs -vm C:/Java/jdk1.7.0_45/bin/javaw.exe -vmargs -Dosgi.requiredJavaVersion=1.6 -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -Xms128m -Xmx1024m</pre>

    • made sure the external Maven installation used “sees” the correct JDK by issuing “mvn –version” on the command line: <pre class=”lang:default mark:3,4 decode:true” title=”” mvn=”” –version=”” output=”“>Apache Maven 3.1.1 (0728685237757ffbf44136acec0402957f723d9a; 2013-09-17 17:22:22+0200) Maven home: C:\Java\apache-maven-3.1.1 Java version: 1.7.0_45, vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: C:\Java\jdk1.7.0_45\jre Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: Cp1252 OS name: “windows 7”, version: “6.1”, arch: “amd64”, family: “windows” <br></pre></ol>

## Solution

The jetty plugin configuration seemed also to be correct in the `pom.xml` file:

<pre class="lang:default decode:true" title="jetty-maven-plugin configuration in pom.xml">&lt;project xmlns="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"&gt; .................................................
&lt;build&gt;
	&lt;plugins&gt;
		&lt;plugin&gt;
		  &lt;groupId&gt;org.eclipse.jetty&lt;/groupId&gt;
		  &lt;artifactId&gt;jetty-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
		  &lt;version&gt;${jetty.version}&lt;/version&gt;
		    &lt;configuration&gt;
			     &lt;jettyConfig&gt;${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/config/jetty9.xml&lt;/jettyConfig&gt;
			     &lt;stopKey&gt;STOP&lt;/stopKey&gt;
			     &lt;stopPort&gt;9999&lt;/stopPort&gt;
			     &lt;scanIntervalSeconds&gt;5&lt;/scanIntervalSeconds&gt;
				 &lt;contextXml&gt;${project.basedir}/src/test/resources/jetty-context.xml&lt;/contextXml&gt;
			     &lt;webAppConfig&gt;
			     	&lt;contextPath&gt;/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}&lt;/contextPath&gt;
			     &lt;/webAppConfig&gt;
		    &lt;/configuration&gt;
		    &lt;dependencies&gt;
				&lt;dependency&gt;
					&lt;groupId&gt;mysql&lt;/groupId&gt;
					&lt;artifactId&gt;mysql-connector-java&lt;/artifactId&gt;
					&lt;version&gt;5.1.27&lt;/version&gt;
				&lt;/dependency&gt;
		    &lt;/dependencies&gt;
		&lt;/plugin&gt;
	&lt;/plugins&gt;
&lt;/build&gt; &lt;/project&gt;</pre>

Then what was the problem? Well, thanks to <a title="java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError Unsupported major.minor version 51.0 [duplicate]" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11239086/java-lang-unsupportedclassversionerror-unsupported-major-minor-version-51-0" target="_blank">Stackoverflow</a> I found out the error happens because of a higher JDK during compile time and lower JDK during runtime. But I thought I compiled and executed everything with Java 7&#8230;

When checking the JDK compliance for the project:

<div id="attachment_1071" style="width: 304px" class="wp-caption alignnone">
  <a href="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/3-check-project-jdk-compliance.png"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1071" src="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/3-check-project-jdk-compliance-294x300.png" alt="Check project JDK compliance" width="294" height="300" srcset="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/3-check-project-jdk-compliance-294x300.png 294w, https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/3-check-project-jdk-compliance.png 741w" sizes="(max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px" /></a>

  <p class="wp-caption-text">
    Project -> Properties -> Java Compiler
  </p>
</div>

the default was on 1.5, which should be no problem for Java 7&#8230;

After looking again in the console it struck me:

<div id="attachment_1072" style="width: 310px" class="wp-caption alignnone">
  <a href="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/4-console-output.png"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1072" src="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/4-console-output-300x177.png" alt="Console output" width="300" height="177" srcset="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/4-console-output-300x177.png 300w, https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/4-console-output-1024x604.png 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a>

  <p class="wp-caption-text">
    Console output
  </p>
</div>

&#8230;it was indeed using the older JDK (1.6) at execution time. This was caused by using an Alternate JRE (which was set to `jdk1.6.0_39`), in the setup of the **Run Configuration**:

<div id="attachment_1073" style="width: 310px" class="wp-caption alignnone">
  <a href="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-run-configuration-JRE.png"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1073" src="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-run-configuration-JRE-300x215.png" alt="run configuration JRE" width="300" height="215" srcset="https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-run-configuration-JRE-300x215.png 300w, https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-run-configuration-JRE-1024x737.png 1024w, https://www.codepedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-run-configuration-JRE.png 1289w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a>

  <p class="wp-caption-text">
    Eclipse Menu -> Run -> Run configurations
  </p>
</div>

After selecting the &#8220;Workspace default JRE (jdk1.7.0_45)&#8221; everything worked as expected.

I hope you could learn something from this as I did.

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Adrian Matei (aka adixchen)

Adrian Matei (aka adixchen)
Life force expressing itself as a coding capable human being
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